INS recommends that positive fluid displacement within the catheter lumen be maintained to prevent reflux of blood and ensure line patency. Most needleless access devices create negative displacement upon disconnection causing blood to reflux into the catheter.
Positive displacement connectors like the MaxPlus are designed to sweep the catheter tip and push fluid out the tip at disconnect. This action reduces the likelihood of reflux thrombi and intraluminal occlusions.
Positive displacement devices do not rely on a clinician’s ability to properly implement a flush/clamp “technique” to create positive pressure. Unlike negative and neutral displacement devices, there is no blood reflux into the catheter at disconnection.
Blood reflux can lead to occlusions which may serve as a rich culture medium for bacteria growth, increasing the risk of infection.
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